Difference between processors and cores in VM configuration:
https://blogs.vmware.com/vsphere/2013/10/does-corespersocket-affect-performance.html
In short: better use CPU Sockets, not Cores.
Отключить vmem файл vmware player и ESXi:
Vmware Player по дефолту создает .vmem файл (своп памяти) в папке с виртуалкой. Это бесит. Чтобы отключить, надо прописать
mainMem.useNamedFile = “FALSE”
в файле .vmx этой машины.
Это действие значительно ускорит работу виртуалки и уменьшит занимаемый ей размер на объем памяти, выделенный для неё :-)
Чтобы отключить своп в ESXi:
Edit virtual machine settings -> Resourses -> Memory -> Reserve all guest memory
Это отъест фиксированное количество памяти из всего ресурса гипервизора, но за то ускорится работа машины и системы в целом и, опять же, не будет занято лишнее место в датасторе.
Заставить ESXi 6.5 работать со старым клиентом:
vi /bootbank/clients.xml
<ConfigRoot>
<clientConnection id="0000">
<authdPort>902</authdPort>
<version>6</version>
<exactVersion>6.0.0</exactVersion>
<patchVersion>1.0.0</patchVersion>
<apiVersion>dev</apiVersion>
<downloadUrl>https://0.0.0.0</downloadUrl>
<flexClientVersion>6.0.0</flexClientVersion>
</clientConnection>
</ConfigRoot>
vi /etc/rc.local.d/local.sh
rm /usr/lib/vmware/hostd/docroot/client/clients.xml
cp /bootbank/clients.xml /usr/lib/vmware/hostd/docroot/client/clients.xml
chmod 444 /usr/lib/vmware/hostd/docroot/client/clients.xml
Reboot server and check how it works
https://lib.ru/unixhelp/vmware.txt#14
Updates/patches for ESXi releases ESXi 6.5 and 6.7:
List:
https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-vSphere/6.5/rn/esxi650-201911001.html
Downloads:
https://my.vmware.com/group/vmware/patch#search
How to install:
esxcli software vib install -d “/vmfs/volumes/Datastore/DirectoryName/PatchName.zip”
https://kb.vmware.com/s/article/2008939
How to uninstall:
esxcli software vib list
esxcli software vib remove -n packsge-name
https://pyatilistnik.org/kak-udalit-vib-paket-v-esxi-5-5-6-0/
Enter ESXi shell using keyboard:
Как попасть в шелл напрямую с хоста?
Идем в секцию логов, просматриваем любой лог, нажимаем Alt+F1 и попадаем в шелл.
Краткие команды:
ls -al – аналог dir,
cd начало имени+Tab – автозаполнение имени, полезно когда директории называются 678g6s9-fgs7-f728rgviwv9 и их много
Stop background copy on ESXi:
# /sbin/services.sh restart
https://billyfung2010.blogspot.ru/2012/11/how-to-stop-file-copy-on-vmware-esxi-50.html
Restart web console:
https://communities.vmware.com/t5/VMware-vCenter-Discussions/ESXI-Web-UI-not-working/m-p/490841/highlight/true#M6923
/etc/init.d/hostd restart
/etc/init.d/vpxa restart
/etc/init.d/rhttpproxy restart
VMDK manipulations:
Rename VMDK:
vmkfstools -E OldName.vmdk NewName.vmdk
https://kb.vmware.com/s/article/1002491
Cloning or Converting a Virtual Disk or RDM:
-i|--clonevirtualdisk oldName newName
-d|--diskformat [thin|zeroedthick|eagerzeroedthick|rdm:device|rdmp:device|2gbsparse]
-W|--objecttype [file|vsan|vvol]
--policyFile fileName
-N|--avoidnativeclone
Move VMDK:
vmkfstools -i "/vmfs/volumes/datastorename/vm/source.vmdk" -d thin "/vmfs/volumes/datastorename/vm/target.vmdk"
Check HDD performance via console:
cd /vmfs/volumes/[datastore]
time dd if=/dev/zero of=tempfile bs=8k count=1000000
Copy/move VM from one datastore to another:
cp -R /vmfs/volume/olddatastore/myvm /vmfs/volume/newdatastore/myvm
mv /vmfs/volume/olddatastore/myvm /vmfs/volume/newdatastore/myvm
https://forums.servethehome.com/index.php?threads/esxi-moving-vms-to-another-datastore.17508/post-168403
Copy VM from one ESXi host to another:
Я пользовался такой командой:
scp -p -r /vmfs/volumes/storagename/vmname/ root@remote.host.ip:/vmfs/volumes/storagename/vmname/
-r means recursive
-p preserves modification times, access times, and modes from the original file.
Enable SSH on the host you are copy VM from.
Enable SSH Client in destination host’s firewall.
https://www.vhersey.com/2013/05/copy-files-between-esxi-hosts-using-scp/
Вот еще варианты:
var.1:
scp -v -c aes128-ctr -r /vmfs/volumes/datastore1/VMNAME* root@0.0.0.0:/vmfs/volumes/datastore1/VMNAME
var. 2:
Use OVFTOOL
syntax: ovftool.exe -ds= vi:/// vi://
Example: ovftool.exe -ds=DS-1 vi://10.1.1.10/SRV-WSUS vi://10.1.1.15
https://community.spiceworks.com/how_to/124377-copy-vmware-guest-from-one-esxi-host-to-another
https://www.virtuallyghetto.com/2012/06/how-to-copy-vms-directly-between-esxi.html
VMware ESXi cannot find the virtual disk
vmkload_mod multiextent
Менеджмент памяти vmware
https://www.vm4.ru/2010/08/memory-management.html
https://www.vmgu.ru/articles/vmware-vsphere-shares-limit-reservation
https://www.dvip.ru/administrirovanie-vmware-vsphere-str152.html
Backup and restore ESXi config:
https://kb.vmware.com/s/article/2042141
Backup:
vim-cmd hostsvc/firmware/sync_config
vim-cmd hostsvc/firmware/backup_config
Restore:
!When restoring configuration data, the build number of the host must match the build number of the host on backup file and UUID (can be obtained using the command “esxcfg-info -u”) of the host should match the UUID of the host on backup file.
Use numeric 1 as force option to override the UUID mismatch. For example, vim-cmd hostsvc/firmware/restore_config 1 /tmp/configBundle.tgz
vim-cmd hostsvc/maintenance_mode_enter
vim-cmd hostsvc/firmware/restore_config /tmp/configBundle.tgz
You can see the .tgz using ls /scratch/downloads/
VMware ESXi 7.0 и неподдерживаемое оборудование
https://vmind.ru/2020/07/30/vmware-esxi-7-0-i-nepodderzhivaemoe-oborudovanie/
WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!
rm .ssh/known_hosts
Link aggregation (NIC teaming):
https://www.k-max.name/vmware/razbiraemsya-s-lacp-i-nic-teaming-v-vmware/
LSI storcli commands in ESXi:
http://pyatilistnik.org/storcli-komandyi-upravleniya-raid-kontrollerom-lsi-v-vmware-esxi-5-5/
/opt/lsi/storcli/storcli show
Add hardware dish to VM directly:
Via link:
vmkfstools -z /vmfs/devices/disks/diskname /vmfs/volumes/datastorename/vmfolder/vmname.vmdk
Записки на манжетах Максима Мошкова про VMware:
http://lib.ru/unixhelp/vmware.txt
Размер системной партиции OSDATA в ESXi 7.0:
https://williamlam.com/2020/05/changing-the-default-size-of-the-esx-osdata-volume-in-esxi-7-0.html
Не создается Datastore. Call “HostDatastoreSystem.QueryVmfsDatastoreCreateOptions” for object “ha-datastoresystem” on ESXi failed:
https://itbru.ru/index.php/2018/11/22/esxi-queryvmfsdatastorecreateoptions-for-object/
Go to Storage -> Devices
Click on the disk you need and you will see its path like “/vmfs/devices/disks/naa.600508b1001c86bd09bb2eb56ca8249b”
In console do this (all information on this disk will be erased!):
partedUtil mklabel /dev/disks/naa.600508b1001c86bd09bb2eb56ca8249b msdos
Now you can create the datastore.
Cannot connect ‘path:0/1/0/5 version:2’ to this virtual machine. The device was not found.:
https://communities.vmware.com/t5/ESXi-Discussions/USB-quot-device-not-found-error-quot-when-adding-to-VM-ESXi-6-5/td-p/1405618
Add usb.generic.allowCCID = "TRUE" to the VM’s vmx file.
Protect ESXi server against encryption by Babuk-like ransomware:
https://kb.vmware.com/s/article/76372
https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/massive-esxiargs-ransomware-attack-targets-vmware-esxi-servers-worldwide/
https://www.gkhan.in/new-esxiargs-ransomware/
esxcli system slp stats get
/etc/init.d/slpd stop
esxcli network firewall ruleset set -r CIMSLP -e 0
chkconfig slpd off
chkconfig --list | grep slpd
E-token failed to add to VM with error “Failed to reconfigure virtual machine VMNAME. Cannot connect ‘vid: pid: path:0/1/0’ to this virtual machine. The device was not found”:
https://communities.vmware.com/t5/ESXi-Discussions/USB-eToken-ESXi-6-5-not-working/td-p/464775
1. Power of the VM
2. Append the following line to your VM configuration (.vmx)
usb.generic.allowCCID = "TRUE"
Free ESXi 8.0 – How to Download and get License Keys:
https://www.virten.net/2022/11/free-esxi-8-0-how-to-download-and-get-license-keys/
Mouse cursor misplaced in vSphere Client and in VMRC:
In Windows 11 when you apply custom Scale in Display settings there may be some misplacement of cursor in VMRC ans vSphere VM’s console.
It can be fixed by configuring DPI settings in Compatibiality options for the corresponding application:
VpxClient.exe -> Compatiability -> Change High DPI settings -> Use this setting to fix scaling… -> Use DPI that’s set for my main display when -> I open this program
and
VpxClient.exe -> Compatiability -> Change High DPI settings -> High DPI scaling override -> Application
ESXi Network Speed Test Step-By-Step using iperf:
https://whyiblog.com/esxi-network-speed-test-step-by-step/
https://www.virtualizationhowto.com/2019/02/run-basic-network-speed-bandwidth-throughput-test-between-esxi-hosts/
iSCSI Storage ESXi 7:
https://www.server-world.info/en/note?os=ESXi_7&p=storage&f=4
Useful ESXi 7 info:
https://www.server-world.info/en/note?os=ESXi_7
Check NUMA node RAM usage by VM:
esxtop
m (to select Memory stats)
f (to configure the view options)
uncheck everything except D and G (name and NUMA)
return (exit to the esxtop)
V (configure view of running VMs only)
GST_NDX – NUMA node number where VM’s memory allocated in